The impact of the policies and rules of the International Monetary Fund on Algeria’s international trade for the period (1990-2020)

Abstract

The research aims to identify the extent of the impact of the policies and rules of the International Monetary Fund on international trade, and the research was based on the fact that the policies of the International Monetary Fund have a negative impact on developing countries, especially Algeria, as a result of the terms of the International Monetary Fund, which are not consistent with the reality of Algeria, which is reflected in its international trade. Relying on the Autoregressive Distributed Deceleration (ARDL) model that is compatible with the data of the research, as well as to represent the relationship between the policies and rules of the International Monetary Fund expressed by indicators or independent variables (exchange rate, customs tariff, globalization, foreign direct investment from abroad, and total public debt) and international trade in relation to the gross domestic product of all the countries selected for the study, and the study reached many conclusions, the most important of which are: the International Monetary Fund cannot impose its will on member countries, but countries accept conditional financial assistance to the Fund on a voluntary basis to avoid crises and finance imports or debt service And the deficit in the balance of payments by requesting a loan and helping to organize a schedule for debt repayment, and that the lending conditions are designed to guarantee the repayment of loans and ensure that borrowed funds are spent in line with the stated objectives of the Fund, and that the exchange rate affects negatively and significantly in international trade, and this means that an increase in the exchange rate by (1%)  It leads to a decrease in international trade by (-0.36%) at a significant level (1%).